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Detailed explanation of container shipping terms and common abbreviations for container business
01
Container shipping terminology
Container freight terminology: container, container leasing, container loading and unloading area, container front yard, container rear yard, empty container yard, transfer station or inner road station, container freight station, mesh responsibility system, shipping guild container rules.
Container
According to the type of goods loaded, there are general cargo containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, reefer containers, etc.; according to the manufacturing materials, there are wood containers, steel containers, aluminum alloy containers, FRP containers, stainless steel containers, etc.; There are folding containers, fixed containers, etc., in the fixed container, it can also be divided into closed containers, open top containers, pallet containers, etc.; according to the total weight, there are 30 tons of containers, 20 tons of containers, 10 tons of containers, 5 Tons of containers, 2.5 tons of containers, etc. Container calculation unit (twenty-feet equivalent units: TEU)
Container leasing
Everyone rents an empty box to a user's business. The owner of the container is the party that rents the container, and the user, usually the shipping company or the owner of the goods, is the party that is renting, and the two parties sign a lease contract. Qualified containers provided by the lessor are used by the lessee within the agreed scope. There are many different ways of leasing containers. There are a total of: lease, time charter, current lease and blockage in the navigation area.
Container terminal
In the container transportation, the specific handling department of the container or cargo loading and unloading exchange and storage. It entrusts the carrier or its agent to carry out the following businesses:
(1) Exchange and storage of FCL freight.
(2) Those who have container freight stations will handle the handover of LCL goods.
(3) Arranging the berthing of container ships, loading and unloading containers, and compiling maps for each voyage.
(4) Handling the issuance of relevant shipping documents.
(5) Compile and sign the relevant documents for the entry and exit of the container using the vehicle.
(6) Handling the inspection and maintenance of containers and vehicles, loading and unloading tools, and cleaning and fumigation of empty containers.
(7) Transceiver, storage and storage of empty containers.
(8) Arrange the stacking of empty and heavy boxes at the yard and prepare a site allocation plan.
(9) Other related business work. Container loading and unloading areas are generally composed of dedicated docks, frontiers, yards, freight stations, command towers, repair departments, gates and offices. Sometimes a yard or a freight station can be extended to a transit station of 5 to 15 kilometers inside the urban area.
Container front yard (marshalling yard)
In front of the container terminal, in order to speed up the loading and unloading operations of the ship, the space of the container is temporarily stacked. Its function is: before the container ship arrives at the port, the export containers are neatly stacked in a planned and orderly manner according to the stowage requirements. When the ship is unloaded, the imported containers are temporarily stacked in front of the wharf to speed up the loading and unloading operations of the ship.
Container yard (container yard)
A place where containers are heavy or empty, where they are handed over, stored, and stored. In some countries, the container yard is not divided into the front yard or the rear yard, which is collectively referred to as the yard. The container yard is an integral part of the container handling area. It is the place where the whole container of the container transportation "field arrival" handover method is handed over (actually, it is handed over at the "gateway" of the container unloading area).
Empty container yard (van pool)
A site dedicated to the collection, storage, storage or handover of empty containers. It is specifically designed for container loading areas or transfer station yards. This yard does not handle heavy boxes or goods handover. It can be operated separately or it can be set up outside the zone by the container loading area. Some capitalist countries, operating such empty container yards, must declare to the shipping association.
Container freight station (CFS)
It is the place where both the ship and the cargo of the LCL container and the unpacking are handed over. The carrier can only entrust a container freight station operator in a port or inland city. It handles the following main businesses on behalf of the carrier:
(1) Tally and handover of LCL goods.
(2) If there is any abnormality in the inspection of the appearance of the goods, the comments will be processed.
(3) Stowage and packing of LCL cargo boxes.
(4) Unpacking and storage of imported unpacked goods.
(5) Add the seal on behalf of the carrier and issue the receipt of the station.
(6) Handling various documents and preparations.
Shipper's liabilities
The shipper’s responsibility in container transportation. This responsibility is different from traditional shipping. The responsibility of the LCL shipper is the same as that of traditional shipping. The responsibility of the full container shipper is not the same as the traditional transport:
(1) The correctness and completeness of the reported shipping information should be guaranteed.
(2) The carrier has the right to check the goods contained in the box, and the costs incurred by the check are borne by the shipper. (3) The customs or other authorities shall open the case for inspection, and the cost and the resulting cargo damage shall be borne by the shipper.
(4) If the container is not full, or the lining is bad, the stowage is improper, or the goods that are not suitable for container transportation are loaded, the shipper is responsible for the damage caused by the goods.
(5) If the shipper’s own unseaworthy container is used, the shipper’s liability shall be the responsibility of the shipper.
(6) The shipper shall be liable for damages caused by the use of the carrier's container and equipment to cause damage to the property or life of the third party.
Limits of liability
The maximum amount of compensation that the carrier should bear if there is a cargo damage in the container transportation. The limitation of liability for LCL goods is the same as for traditional transportation. According to some current international jurisprudence, if the number of goods in the box is not listed on the bill of lading, each box is used as a unit of claim calculation. If the number of shipments in the box is listed on the bill of lading, it is still calculated according to the number of pieces. If the damage and loss of the goods are not maritime transport, but occur in inland transportation, the maximum compensation for land transportation shall be applied. If the container is owned or provided by the shipper, if it is lost or damaged, the liability shall be borne by the carrier and shall be regarded as a unit of claim calculation.
02
Common abbreviations for containers
In the international shipping container business, some abbreviations are often used, and some of the more commonly used abbreviations are compiled for your reference.
Common abbreviations for shipping containers
A/W full water road All Water
ANER Asia North America Eastbound Freight Agreement Asia NorthAmerica EastboundRate
B/L ocean bill of lading Bill of Lading
B/R Buying Price Buying Rate
BAF Fuel Surcharge Bunker AdjustmentFactor
C&F cost plus sea freight COST AND FREIGHT
C.C Shipping to Pay Collect
C.S.C Container Service Charge Container Service Charge
C.Y. Container yard Container Yard
C/(CNEE) Consignee Consignee
C/O Certificate of Origin Certificate of Origin
CAF Currency Exchange Rate Addition Currency Adjustment Factor
CFS Bulk Warehouse Container Freight Station
CFS/CFS bulk delivery (start/end)
CHB Customs Brokers Customs House Broker
CIF cost, insurance plus sea freight COST, INSURANCE, FRIGHT
CIP shipping and insurance paid to destination Carriage and Insurance Paid To
COMM Commodity Commodity
CPT shipping to destination Carriage Paid To
CTNR Cabinet Container
CY/CY whole cabinet delivery (starting/end point)
D/A Acceptance Document Document Against Acceptance
D/O arrival notification Delivery Order
D/P Payment Document Document Against Payment
DAF Border Delivery Delivered At Frontier
DDC Destination Port Charges Destination Delivery Charge
DDP Duty Delivery Delivered Duty Paid
DDU Duty Free Delivered Duty Unpaid
DEQ destination port delivery Delivered Ex Quay
DES destination port on board Delivered Ex Ship
Doc# file number Document Number
EPS Equipment Location Surcharge Equipment Position Surcharges
Ex Factory Delivery Work/ExFactory
F/F Freight Forwarder Freight Forwarder
FAF Fuel Surcharge Fuel AdjustmentFactor
FAK Various goods Freight All Kind
FAS port of shipment ship-side delivery Free Alongside Ship
FCA Cargo Carrier Free Carrier
FCL whole cabinet Full Container Load
Feeder Vessel/Lighter barge voyage
FEU 40' cabinet Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’
FMC Federal Maritime Commission Federal Maritime Commission
FOB on board Free On Board
GRI full price increase General RateIncrease
H/C agency fee Handling Charge
HBL SubBill House B/L
I/S sales inside Sales
IA separate price adjustment Independent Action
L/C Letter of Credit
Land Bridge Land Bridge
LCL Cabinet Less Than Container Load
M/T size tons (ie goods charges in size) Measurement Ton
MB/L Master Bill of Lading Master Bill Of Loading
MLB Small Land Bridge, from one port to another Minni Land Bridge
Mother Vessel mainline ship
MTD Multimodal Transport Document Multimodal Transport Document
N/F Notifier Notify
NVOCC NVOCC Non Vessel OperatingCommon Carrier
O/F shipping fee Ocean Freight
OBL ocean bill of lading Ocean (or original )B/L
OCP shippers arrange their own transportation to inland points. Overland Continental Point
OP operation
ORC Local Receipt Charge (Guangdong Province Charge) Origen Recevie Charges
P.P Prepaid Prepaid
PCS Port Congestion Surcharge Port Congestion Surcharge
POD Destination Port Of Destination
POL port of shipment Port Of Loading
PSS Peak Season Surcharge Peak Season Sucharges
S/(Shpr) Shipper Shipper
S/C Sales Contract Sales Contract
S/O Loading Instructions Shipping Order
S/R Selling Price Selling Rate
S/S Spread Sheet Spread Sheet
SC Service Contract Service Contract
SSL Shipping Company Steam Ship Line
T.O.C terminal operation fee Terminal Operations Option
T.R.C Terminal Receiving Charge Terminal Receiving Charge
T/S transshipment, transshipment Trans-Ship
T/T flight Transit Time
TEU 20' cabinet type Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’
THC Terminal Operating Fee (Hong Kong Charge) Terminal Handling Charges
TTL total Total
TVC/TVR regular quantitative contract Time Volume Contract/ Rate
VOCC Shipping Company Vessel Operating Common Carrier
W/M is the weight in tons or tons of tons.
W/T weight tons (ie freight charges are charged by weight) Weight Ton
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